Notes
There are no capital and small letters in Arabic: words that start a sentence are written the same as words in the
middle of a sentence, and no distinction is made for the names of people or places.
The Arabic alphabet is cursive: there’s essentially no difference between the way it is written by hand and the way
it is printed.
Since the letters are almost all joined together (there are just a few that aren’t), they take different forms depending
on where they appear in a word.
While this sounds complicated, each letter has a basic (stand alone) form that is modified slightly to make it join the
letters around it.
